Simulating nephron ion transport function using activated wafer electrodeionization

Aldosterone paradox: differential regulation of ion transport in distal nephron.

The mechanisms through which aldosterone promotes apparently opposite effects like salt reabsorption and K(+) secretion remain poorly understood. The identification, localization, and physiological analysis of ion transport systems in distal nephron have revealed an intricate network of interactions between several players, revealing the complex mechanism behind the aldosterone paradox. We revi...

Wafer Scale Packaging of MEMS by Using Plasma-Activated Wafer Bonding

Ion exchange mechanisms in the nephron.

Accumnulating evidenee favors the view that in biologic systemws, the active transport of strong electrolytes involves coupled exchanges of ions, usually of sodium for potassium. In the present paper, the author considers the renal exchange of potassium, sodium and hydrogen in this light, and reviews current concepts concerning the mechanisms involved in the secretion of these ions by the kidne...

Simulating cluster-ion impacts

Although cluster-ion interactions may superficially appear to resemble those in nuclear physics, there are important differences. First, at the energies of interest the deBroglie wavelength of an atom in the cluster is so short compared to atomic dimensions that the atom's trajectory in a solid is classical. Thus, one may use the Born-Oppenheimer approximation in which the particles all obey Ne...

Simulating a Maxwellian plasma using an electron beam ion trap

We describe a technique for producing a Maxwell–Boltzmann electron energy distribution using an electron beam ion trap ~EBIT!. The technique was implemented on the Lawrence Livermore EBIT to simulate Maxwellian plasmas. We discuss technical and experimental issues related to these simulations. To verify the fidelity of the quasi-Maxwellian, we have measured line emission due to dielectronic rec...